Bladder ultrasonography was performed, and standard measurements to estimate residual bladder volume were taken. The volume of urine manually expressed was collected and quantified.
Data were gathered from morning collections only. During 3 days of hospitalization, manual expression was performed every 8 hours by a trained clinician or veterinary nurse. This study evaluated the success of manual urinary bladder expression in paraplegic dogs.ĭogs ( n = 36) with acute spinal cord injury leading to paraplegia were recruited for the study.
